Journal-bearing for car and other axles.



J. 5. MUHLPBLD. JOURNAL BEARING 'OR GAB. AND OTHER AXLES.

APLIGATIOE FILED NOV. 22, 1907.

TED STATES: PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN E. MUHLEELD, or BALfriMoREQMARY'LAND.

JOURNAL-BEARING FOR GAR AND'O-THIER AXLES.

Specification of LettersPatent.

ratentednov. 24, isos. A

Application led November 22, 1907. Serial No. 403,266.'

'vented a new and useful Improvement in Journal-Bearings for Car andother Axles,

- of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to journal bearings for car and other axles. v

The object of my invention is to improve and perfect the journal bearingforming the subject of my Patent No. 866,154 of September 17th, 1907,and of the pending application for patent Serial No. 399,980, filed(lctober 31st, 1907 by William H. Miner and myself.

My present improvement consists in' a composite journal bearing havingan imperforate main bearing metal shell -of hard, strong bearing metal,such as brass, and a separate piece removable bearing nietal'shell orlining of soft metal, the two shells having on their meeting facesinterittiiig lugs and ribs or recesses and cavities by which the softmetal lining shell is securely retained in its proper positionlongitudinally and transversely with relation to the main shell,-

so as to permit of the repeated removal and replacement of the 'softmetal lining, and in which the inner or soft metal shell is providedwith openings or recesses extending through the thick portion thereof tothe i under face of the shell which contacts with the journalifoi' thepurpose of containing grease or other lubricant, and for the purposeoffacilitating the removal of a hard or worn out soft metal lining shellfrom-the main or hard metal shell. The lubricant containing openings orpockets through the thicker. portions of the 'soft metal lining shellare preferably upwardly flaring or' smaller in size at their lower end,andthe same are preferably oblong at the top portion where the softmetal shell contacts with the main or hard metal shell and circular atthe journal contact face, and the oblong opening or pocket should extendlengthwise of the shell. cesses or pockets in the soft metal shell arepreferably filled with a solid heavy lubri cant that melts only underconsiderable teinperature, and are particularly serviceable when thesoft metal lining is newly applied to the journal or when the journalbearing may not vimmediately come in full co :ta-ct `cant in the greasepocket of the so These lubricant openings, re-

with the entire length of the journal and a concentrated instead of a,distributed load thereon results. Any tendencyof the journal bearing toheat under such or other conditio'ns will melt the grease'or 'lieavlubrimetal lining and vcause the same to flow by gravity, and thusfurnish additional lubrication at the point of greatest pressure andfriction, f

and thereby eliminate, retard or reduce the liability for continuedheating and consequent cutting ofthe journal and heating", melting andflowing out of the soft metal lining. Furthermore, the oil from thepack'- ing in the journal box, which from time to time' tends to findits Way by capillary action Y between. the contact faces ofthe mainshell and soft metal lining, is enabled by -these openings through thc`soft metal lining toflow down on top of the journal either by gravityort-by suction when the journal may f bein normal or heatedcondition;and the openings thus provide additional means for supplying lubricantto the frictional parts under pressure and materially avoids liabilityof excessive heating of the journal or melting of the soft metal lining.

y My improvement further consists in providing the side lugs of the mainshell whichcome in contact with the ribs of .the side walls of thejournal box with continuations' or reinforcements extending preferablyin horizontal plane vso that any thrust coming against the side lugs,especially at the outer end due to contact with the ribs on the sidewalls ofthe journal box will be transferred to and distributed over thatportion of the side walls .of the journal bearing shell be` tween theside lug and the outside end of the shell which is nearest to the sidelug, and thus prevent liability of the side lug being broken.

It further consists in providing this continuation or reinforcement ofthe side lug with a recess" or cavity on its under side to facilitatethe removal of the journal bearing' shell or the journal bearing as awhole from the journal with the customary packing hook or other suitabletool or implement.

It lalso consists in providing the main or 'hard bearing metal shellwitha deepened 'transverse channel or recess at its extreme ends and theauxiliary or soft metal lining shell with thickened transverse ribs atits eX- treme ends fitting in said transverse chant@ I scesa-i .nels orrecesses of 7:he main sheli at the top *or crown portions ci said shellsbelow and Within the key contact upper i'ace of the main shell so thatthe collars at either end `of the axle journal. when the saine are newapplied at that portion of the journal which main or brass shell.

1s coniined mainly .below the limits of the upper flat key or Wedgebearing face of the main shell; and so that said collars at either endAoflthel-journal may come in contact or have bearing against either orboth the hard metal shell and the soft metal lining when the latter isnewly/applied at those portions of the journal bearing which aremainlybelow and outside of the limits 1oi' the upper hat key or Wedge bearingsurface of the main shell; and so that, in 'the event the journal shouldheat and the soft metal lining should flow out, the main or brass shellof the bearing will not rest or ride upon the collars of the journal andthus cause injurious cutting and heating or breaking of the The depth atthe extreineend of this transverse channel at the croivn portions er"the main shell should be Substantially equal to the collars ofthejournal in extent. By this construction, the collars of the journalin resisting. end play have contact with the end of hot-h tlieniainlshell and the soft metal shell; that is to say, the end thrust may betransmitted wholly ,or'in part, through the sott metal lining,

against the projecting ribs and lugs of the main shell, as Well asagainst the body. of the metal at the crown above the root of theprojecting ribs' a i lugs.

My invention "so consists in the novel construction of parts and devicesand iu the novel combinations of parts and devices herein shown anddescribed and more particularly set forth in the claims.

.ln the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specilication,Figure l is a central, longitudinal section of' a journal bearingembodying my invention, showing also a portion of the journal. Figs. 2and 3 are vertical cross lsections on Figs. le-2 and 33 of Fig. l. Fig.4 is a detail top View of the soft metal lining' or auxiliary bearingmetal shell and Fig. is a detail bottoni view of the main bearing metalshell of.

brass or other like material.

In the drawing, .k represents a portion of a car or 'other axlet B thejournal thereof and b o1, the inner andI outer collars or shoulders atthe ends oi the journal. i' D l" is my improve-fl. j carnal bearing. lt

comprises two sepa able or removable im perforate bearing nietal shells,the main portion D being of brass or other hard, strong and veliicientbearing metal or composition of metals and in Vone solid integral'mass,and

an inner auxiliary or lining shell F of soft bearing metal orcompositionV of metals 'also in one solid integral mass.

The two portions or shells D and F are made separable or removable, onefrom the other, so that the inner or soft metal portion'F may be removedandv replaced when Worn or injured, by another like soft metal shell.The main bearing metal shell D has an upper face. cl, suitable forcontacting or connecting with the journal box Vor with the journal boxkey or wedge. f

The main bearing metal shell D of the journal bearing isprovided on itsinner or bearing face With integral longitudinal bearing ribs dl andwith mtegral end bearing .ribs d2 and an intermediate diagonally andtransversely extending bearing rib (Z3, all having curved bearing facesd* corresponding to the curvature of the journal. The longitudinal'bearing ribs (Z1 have connecting channels D1 through the same-stag.gered or breaking joints in respect to each other; and the longitudinalbearing ribs d1 are integrally connected by the intermediate transversediagonal bearing rib d and by the end bearing ribs d1. `The connectingAchannels D1 through the longitudinal bearing ribs d1 connect thecentral longitudinal recesses or cavities D2 with the longitudinal sidecavities or recesses D3 of the main bearing shell.v At its extreme ends,the inain bearing shell D is also provided with trans verse channels orrecesses D4 which are made deeper at the crown or central portion D5 ofthe main shell than the other channels and recesses or cavities of themain shell. The depth of these end recesses or channels D4 at the crownor middle portion of the shell preferably about equals the projection ofthe collars or shoulders on the journal, so that in case the soft metallining should, on heating of the journal, .melt and flow out, the mainbearing metal shell D will not ride or rest upon the collars of thejournal at the extreme ends thereof. The main bearing metal shell D alsohas longitudinal mar 'nal ribs or sides d to conne the soft meta liningor auxiliary shell F and give strength .to the journal bearing asawhole. These marginal longitudinal ribs or sides d5 are not bearingmembers and are not designed to come in contact with the journal of theaxle.

The side llugs DG' of the main shell D which come in-cont'act with theribs `on-the side walls of the journal box are provided withcontinuations, extensions or reinforcements D?, preferably extendinglongitudinally to the nearest end of the journal box. These integralreinforcing webs D7 are preferably inclined about as indicated in thedrawing, and are furnished on the under side Withrecesses D forengagement with a i packing hook or other tool to facilitate the iso.

removal of the journal bearing lfrom the journal.

The soft metal lining or auxiliary shell F ofthe journal bearing is inone integral mass and is separable or removablefr'om the main shell..Dand is provided on its upper o r main-slmll-contacting face withinterfltting lugs, ribs, projections and recesses, channels or cavitiescorresponding to and interfitting with those on the lower face of themain shell B. The lower face f of the soft metal lining or bearing shellF is curvedl to conform to the curvature of the journal. The shell F isfurnished with central projections, lugs or thickened portions fx,fitting in the central cavities D2 ofthe main shell D, ribs f? fittingin the connecting channels D1 of the shell D, longitudinal ribs orthickened portions f fitting in the longitudinal side cavities D3 of themain shell D and with transverse thickened ribs f4 at its extreme endsfitting in thetransversely extending deepened channels or recesses Dx ofthe main shell D, and with channels, recesses or cavities F1 F2 F 3 toreceive the corresponding bearing ribs all d2 and d of the main shell D.

The longitudinal marginal ribs or sides di of the main shell D extendbeyond the cxtreme side edges f6 of the soft metal shell D so-as toleave an open longitudinal space, channel or groove fl in the bearing asa whole to give better access to the oil, waste or packing for moreefficient lubrication of the journal and its bearmg. The auX1l1ary vesor soft metal lining shell F is further pro vided at its thickenedportions f1 with lubricant openings or pockets F4 extending through thesame. The lubricant openings or pockets lF4 are preferably oblonr atthen' upper ends and extend -longitudlnally of the bearing as indicatedin the drawing, and are contracted in size and circular at their lowerends.

G represents grease or lubricant filling the pocketsF4- and with whichthe auxiliary soft metal lining shell F is provided before it is appliedto the main shell D or to the journal. The grease or lubricant G ispreferably a heavy solid lubricant composition that Vwill not ineltorflow'out at an ordinary or low temperature. The lubricant pocket F t atits circular or lower end should preferably be large enough in size toadmit the finger or the point of a packing hook orvother hke11nplernent, and thus to enable the soft .metal shell tobe readilyremoved from the main shell when it becomes worn or requ1resreplacement.

As the transverse rib f4 at the extreme end of the soft metal bearingshell isl chiefly thickened at the upper, middle or crown portionthereof'and only slightly thickened at the wings or ends thereof, andasthe cor-v responding transverse channel or recess'D attheextree end 4'of'tle main shell is.

cerrespoiidin'gly"l shaped, it will 'be readily4 understood that thecollars of the journal in resisting end thrust may contact with the endfaces of both the main 'shell and soft metal shell ati-he lower or-wingportions ofV thebearing, whilethe saine will only contact pil-th the endface of the soft metal shell at he extreme uppermost or crown portion ofthe journal-beariir4 where the depth ofthe channel D4 andtlnckness ofthe rib f4 substantially equals in extent the projection of the collarof the journal. `This construction thus' gives-an adequate end contactof both .shells againstthe journal collar, while'atthe same timepreventing the main shell from riding directly on the collars at theends thereof in case the soft metal shell should flow out 'on heating ofthe journal. The main orbrass shell D is further also preferablyprovided with projections, lugs, or raised or thickened portions D9 atthe middle ofthe channels D3, which, in connection with the bearing ribsd3 d* and side ribs di afford a 4substantiallytransverse thickened zoneto the whole shell D at the middle there# of to transversely strengthenor reinforce theA coperates Awith the other.interfittingribs and lugsand channels and cavities f the two shells in transmitting end playthrust of the collars of the journal through the soft metal shell F tothe main shell D.

The main shell D and soft metal shell F have their lugs, ribs,projections or thickened portions and their corresponding interfittingchannels or cavities made tapering, preferably about as illustrated inthe drawing, so that when the' soft metal lining shell is applied to andinterfitted with the main shell, the tapering faces of such projectingparts on the two shells will tend to clamp one to the other when comingin contact and rigidly secure the one shell to the'other when in normalposition; while at 'the same sired to renew 'or replace either the softshell or the main, shell.

I c laini: Y 1. A composite journal bearing comprising an upper or mainshell of hard, strong bearingmetal and an auxiliary orsoft meta liningshell s'parable and removable from the' main she. said shellshavirig'-on their The soft metal shell F is furnished i longitudinal movement ofthe a ggg 804,684

meeting faces interengaging ribs or thick-- numerous abutment faces ofaggregate extensive area to prevent longitudinal and lateraldisplacement of the soft metal shell substantially as specified.

2. A composite journal bearing comprising an upper or main shellof'hard, stron bearing metal and an auxiliary or soft nieta lining shellseparable and removable from the main shell, said shells having on theirmeeting faces interengaging ribs or thickened portions and cavities orchannels, and said soft metal shell being also provided 'through itsthick portion With a lubricant confining 'openin or pocket, saidlubricant opening or pocket eing of greater size at its upper portionthan its lower portion, vsaid ribs or thickened portions on both themain shell and auxiliary shell extending in part transversely and inpart longitudinally and presenting numerous abutment faces of aggre-'gate extensive area to prevent longitudinal and lateral displacement ofthe soft metal vshell substantially as specified.

3. A composite journal bearing compris' ing an upper or main shell ofhard, stron bearing metal and an auxiliary or soft meta lining shell,separable and removable from the main shell, said shells having .ontheir meeting faces interengaging ribs or thick- -cned portions andcavities or channels, and

'said sottmetal shell being also provided througl: its thick portionwith a lubricant confining opening or pocket, said lubricant opening orpocket being of greater size at its upper portion than its lower portionand .of an oblong shape at its upper portion, said ribsor thickenedportions on both the main Shell auxiliary shell extending in parttransversely and in part longitudinally and presenting numerous abutmentfaces of aggregate extensive area to prevent longitudlnal and lat-eraldis lacement of the soft metal shell substantia ly as specified.

4. A composite journal bearing comprisin a main bearing shell and anauxiliary or so t metal lining shell, said shells having on theirmeeting faces interengaging ribs or' project ons and channels orcavities a nd said main shell having side lugs D". eaclo furnished withan integral reinforcing 1web D7,

extending betweei'i the lug and the-adjacent end ofthe shell, and saidreinforcing` web having on its under side a recess D tor fa` ci'litatethe removal ofthe bearing from the journal, substantially as specified.

5. A composite journal bearing, comprisinga main bearing, metal shell,having on its under face longitudinal and end bearing ribs and cavities'or recesses to receive projections or thickened portions of a linin orsoft metal shell, and a separate remova le lining or soft metal shellhavin on its upper face .70 projections or thickened portions littinwithin said cavities of the main shell, sai thickened ortions of saidlining or soft metal shel havin@ lubricant confining pockets therein,saiduribs or thickened portions-on ,both the main shell and auxiliaryshell extending in part transversely and in part longitudinally andpresenting' numerous abutment faces of ag egate extensive area toprevent longitudiiia and lateral 'displace- 80 ment of the soft metalshell substantially as specified.

6. A composite journal bearing, comprising a'. main bearing metal shell,having on its under face; longitudinal and en d bearing ribs andcavities or recesses to receive projections or thickened portions of alinin or soft metal shell, and a separate remova le lining oi' softmetal shell, havin on its upper face projections or thickened portionsfittinel within said cavities of the main shell, `sai thickened ortionsof said lining or soft metal sliell iaving upwardly flaring lubricantconfining pockets therein, said ribs or thickened portions on bbth themain shell andaux 95 iliary shell extendin in part transversely4 and inpart longitu inally -andpresenting numerous abutment faces of aggregateextensive area to prevent longitudinal and lateral dis lacement of thesoft metal shell substantia ly ass-specified.

7. A composite journal bearing, comprising an imperforate, hard, strong,bearing man Shen, prvided with longitudinal and. end bearing ribs and anintermediate transversely and diagonally extending bearin rib on itsunder-face, and with central and longitudinal side cavities andconnecting channels4 between'said central and said longitudinal sidecavities, and a soft metal 1'10 lining shell having on its upper facethickcned portions or projectionsfitting in said cavitiesLahd connectingchannels, said main and lining shells 'being in separate pieces [andremovable-the one from the other to l en able the lining shell to bequickly replaced c by another whenqworn out, the thickened pmtions ofsaidsoft metal shell having lubricant pockets therein, substantially asspecified. 120

8. A composite journal bearing, comprising, an imperforate, hard,strong, bearing metal shell, provided with longitudinal and end bearingribs and an intermediate'transversely and diagonally extending bearingrib on its under face, and with central and 'longitudinal -side cavitiesand connecting channels between said central andsaid lon- `tudinal sidecavities, and a soft metal lining shell having onits upper facethickened 13o nating short of the. longitudinal edges ofy the main shellto give lbetter access-of the lubricant to the contacting surfaces ofthe `journal and journal bearing, the thickened portions of said softmetal shell having openings therein aring outwardly from bottom to topto' afford a hold for a finger or tool and thus to facilitate theremoval of the soft metal shell from the main shell, substantially asspecified.

9. A journal bearing comprising in combination a main shell of hardbear' .metal havingl longitudinal bearing ribs an trans` verselyextending bearn'g ribs and a diagonally extending intermediate bearingrib, and an auxiliary shell of soft metal fitting Within the main shelland provided with a lubricant cavity to confine the `lubricant, saidsoft metaly shell being removable and having' longitudinal ribs,transversely exitending ribs and thickened central 'portions orprojections inter-fitting with said 'be'ar-` ing ribs on said mainshell, substantially as specified.

' JOHN E. MUl-ILFELD.v Witnesses z GEoW. HAULENBEEK, F. W. BUssE;

